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Each Of Us Can Play a Role

Questions or comments about this guide? Email us at: [email protected]. Or DM us on Instagram @theredlineguide and Twitter @TheRedLineGuide. And please help spread the word by sharing this guide! We need as many people as possible to join this effort! #HoldTheLine2020

About this Guide

On June 1, 2020, President Trump ordered members of the military to repress nonviolent demonstrators in Washington, DC. Seeing this as a severe abuse of power—and an indication of the lengths Trump might go to try to stay in office—the four of us got together and produced this guide over the course of several months. We are an interracial, intergenerational group with experience in U.S. activism, organizing, and training (in the U.S. and abroad), as well as expertise in pro-democracy movements around the world.

All of us contributed to this work, and all of us stand by the words in this guide. One note is that Hardy Merriman is credited for sole authoring Part IV. We are grateful for the feedback and encouragement we received from the reviewers we consulted.

Work on this guide was in our independent capacities. The views expressed here are solely personal to the authors and do not represent the views of any employer or other organization with which we may be affiliated.

This guide is meant to help individuals and groups organize based on the experience we have gained from doing the work on the ground and studying organizing movements, and our intention is to help build a more unified response. Any action taken upon the information provided in this guide is strictly at your own risk, none of the authors, contributors, or anyone else connected with this guide, can be responsible for your use of the information contained in this guide.

-- Hardy Merriman, Ankur Asthana, Marium Navid, Kifah Shah

Hold the Line: A Guide to Defending Democracy is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

To view a summary of this license, visit: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Note: Image on page 9 “Milwaukee Polling Locations” is reused with permission from the owner and not included in the above Creative Commons License that otherwise covers the Hold the Line guide.

To cite this work:

Hardy Merriman, Ankur Asthana, Marium Navid, Kifah Shah. Hold the Line: A Guide to Defending Democracy. version 1.3. 2020. Online: http://bit.ly/holdthelineguide

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OVERVIEW:

If you’re reading this, you are likely concerned about how this year's election is taking place. This guide is designed to help people from all walks of life—political newcomers as well as experienced activists—take action to ensure that we have a successful election in November 2020. A successful election is one that is:

* Free, in which all eligible voters are able to vote without hindrance, interference, or intimidation.

* Fair, in which all votes are counted transparently, non-partisan rules and laws are followed, and any disputes are resolved without bias towards any particular candidate.

* Respected, by which the loser of the election accepts the results, concedes, and engages in a good faith transition process to the election’s winner.

* Safe, in which risks of COVID-19 transmission and political violence are minimized.

The United States has hundreds of years of experience in election administration, so you would think we would have a robust process and institutions to ensure our elections are successful. However, we face a long list of real and potential challenges in the upcoming November election that demand a heightened level of civic awareness and engagement.

Some of these challenges come from the COVID-19 crisis, which is leading to a significant shortage of poll workers. Fewer poll workers means fewer polling places will be open. This shortage alone is an issue that would impact any election, but in 2020 our problems are exacerbated by other political and infrastructural challenges. These include cuts to the U.S. Postal Service that may delay delivery of mail-in ballots; malfunctioning voting equipment; deliberate voter suppression and misinformation; possible voter intimidation at the polls; possible violence among political supporters; and the President improperly using the powers of the executive branch and communicating that he may refuse to accept defeat.

You may have read about some of these problems already, or experienced or witnessed them firsthand at some point. They can seem overwhelming, and sometimes popular media focuses more on chaotic scenarios for the election than on possible solutions. Fortunately, there’s a lot that each of us can do to help. Everyone has a role they can play to ensure that voting is accessible and safe; that people turn out to vote; that the rules are applied fairly; and that the results are respected.

We conceive of these efforts in two stages:

Stage 1: From now until Election day (Nov. 3, 2020)

Stage 2: From Election day to Inauguration day (Jan. 20, 2021)

This guide focuses primarily on Stage 2, covering the period of time starting from Election day and continuing through to Inauguration day. It attempts to answer the question of how to prepare and what to do in case attempts are made to subvert the election results. At the same time, we recognize that Stage 1 is critically important as well, and deeply related to Stage 2, so we begin by dedicating some attention to Stage 1, before diving more deeply into Stage 2.

We’ve divided the guide into the following four parts:

Part I focuses on critical actions people can take from now until Election day (Nov. 3, 2020) to ensure a successful election.

Part II gives background on potential scenarios that could play out between Election day to Inauguration day (Jan. 20, 2021).

Part III provides a four-step process to start an election protection group in your community, and to begin planning actions to protect democracy in case they are needed.

Part IV offers an in-depth analysis and model of change drawn from the field of nonviolent civil resistance, which informs our thinking about how to respond if there are attempts to subvert the election results. We draw lessons about how ordinary people have advanced democracy and won against authoritarian-style rulers in other parts of the world, and apply these lessons to the current situation in the United States.

This guide is designed to be read in whatever order makes most sense to you. We recommend Part I as a good place for everyone to start, because the election protection efforts outlined in Parts II, III, and IV will be significantly more powerful if we use time now to ensure the November election is as successful as possible.

Then, if you want more background information about possible scenarios that could play out on Election day and beyond, read Part II. If you are already familiar with potential post-election scenarios and want to jump straight into organizing a neighborhood election protection group, you can start with Part III. If you want a deeper sense of a model of change for how other societies have won rights, freedom, and justice against unaccountable rulers, and how those lessons could apply to the United States, read Part IV.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I:

HOW TO ENSURE A SUCCESSFUL ELECTION:

Learn three of the most important things you can do right now to help ensure a successful election.

PART II:

PLANNING FOR ELECTION DAY ONWARD:

Get up to speed on why we are facing a threat to democracy in this election.

POSSIBLE SCENARIOS AND THE RED LINES:

Know the Red Lines that President Trump and other political officials at the state or local level may try to cross between Election day (Nov. 3, 2020) and Inauguration day (Jan 20, 2021).

STRATEGIES TO RESPOND:

If and when those Red Lines are crossed, we need a strategy that generates power, unity, and discipline. Learn how we can instill election protection efforts with these attributes.

PART III:

OVERVIEW — HOW TO TAKE ACTION:

Anyone can take action to protect democracy in our country. All it takes is a group of people ready to commit to organizing and nonviolent action. We’ll walk you through the first steps you can take to Hold the Line.

STEP 1 — CREATE A ‘HOLD THE LINE’ TEAM:

Start by hosting a call or virtual meeting for a small, core group of committed people. This step will give you what you need to invite people to join you and commit to the team.

STEP 2 — DEVELOP A RESPONSE PLAN:

The fight to protect democracy does not just happen at the federal level, but also at the state and local level with officials who could act to undermine the election. Learn how to identify who holds these important positions, monitor what is happening, and mobilize if needed.

STEP 3 — IDENTIFY ROLES AND RECRUIT SUPPORT:

If President Trump or other government officials cross any of our Red Lines, we’ll need to respond fast. This chapter will help you define clear roles so that everyone knows what they need to do.

STEP 4 — REVIEW AND PREPARE TO EXECUTE YOUR PLAN:

Before Election day, review your plan with your team. This will help you and your group be ready to go if the time comes.

PART IV:

MODEL OF CHANGE:

Learn how our model of change draws from the field of nonviolent civil resistance, how ordinary people have advanced democracy against authoritarian rule worldwide, and relevant lessons for the United States.

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES:

Find additional resources to help you make change and dig deeper into the history and