# The Solar System at a glance: eight planets, measured

Eight planets, one spreadsheet. Mean radii, day and year lengths, and moon counts - with live formulas computing how many Earths fit inside each planet and how far each one sits from the Sun relative to us.

Values are from NASA's Planetary Fact Sheet (mean radius, sidereal/orbital periods). Moon counts are the confirmed tallies as of 2024; they keep climbing as surveys find more, so treat that column as a snapshot.

@sheet Planets
@column Radius: number
@column Volume: number
@column Moons: integer
@column Distance: number
@column Year: number
@column Day: number
@style A1:G1: bold
@width A: 110

| Planet | Radius (km) | Volume (Earth = 1) | Moons (2024) | Distance from Sun (AU) | Year (Earth days) | Day length (hours) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Mercury | 2440 | =(B2/$B$4)^3 | 0 | 0.39 | 88.0 | 4222.6 |
| Venus | 6052 | =(B3/$B$4)^3 | 0 | 0.72 | 224.7 | 2802.0 |
| Earth | 6371 | =(B4/$B$4)^3 | 1 | 1.00 | 365.3 | 24.0 |
| Mars | 3390 | =(B5/$B$4)^3 | 2 | 1.52 | 687.0 | 24.7 |
| Jupiter | 69911 | =(B6/$B$4)^3 | 95 | 5.20 | 4333 | 9.9 |
| Saturn | 58232 | =(B7/$B$4)^3 | 146 | 9.58 | 10759 | 10.7 |
| Uranus | 25362 | =(B8/$B$4)^3 | 28 | 19.2 | 30687 | 17.2 |
| Neptune | 24622 | =(B9/$B$4)^3 | 16 | 30.1 | 60190 | 16.1 |
| @endsheet | | | | | | |

## Things worth noticing

- Jupiter's volume works out to about 1,321 Earths. Every other planet combined fits inside it with room to spare.
- Venus rotates backwards and so slowly that its day (measured by the Sun) outlasts its year.
- Saturn's moon count overtook Jupiter's in 2023 when 62 new moons were confirmed in one announcement.
- Mercury's "day" column is its solar day: because it rotates three times for every two orbits, one sunrise-to-sunrise cycle lasts 176 Earth days, twice its year.

## Formulas at work

The Volume column is a live formula: `=(B2/$B$4)^3` cubes the ratio of each planet's mean radius to Earth's. Change a radius and every volume recalculates. That's the point of a living document - correct the numbers as measurements improve and the comparisons take care of themselves.

Sources: NASA Planetary Fact Sheet (nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet), IAU moon designations. License: CC-BY-4.0 - reuse freely with credit.